The first fatal case of the rare Powassan virus has been reported in the US this year, leading to the death of an individual in Sagadohoc County, as stated by the Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
Following the death of a resident, health officials have issued warnings about the incurable and potentially lethal Powassan virus.
WHAT IS POWASSAN VIRUS DISEASE?
Powassan virus disease (POWV) is an uncommon yet severe illness caused by the Powassan virus. Transmission to humans occurs through the bite of infected ticks, specifically deer ticks, groundhog ticks, or squirrel ticks. Ticks are external parasites that survive by feeding on the blood of mammals, birds, and occasionally reptiles and amphibians.
The disease primarily manifests in the northeastern and Great Lakes regions of the United States during the period between late spring and mid-autumn. However, recent reports indicate occurrences of POWV in other parts of the country as well.
According to Fox News, approximately 25 individuals in the US contract the infection annually, and the recent fatality represents the third fatal case recorded in Maine, US since 2015.
The symptoms of Powassan virus disease vary, and while many individuals who contract the virus may not display any signs, some may experience fever, headache, vomiting, and weakness within a timeframe of one week to a month after being bitten.
The common symptoms include:
- Fever
- Headache
- Vomiting
- Weakness
In more severe cases, additional symptoms may occur such as:
- Seizures
- Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain)
- Meningitis (inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord)
In severe cases, Powassan virus disease can lead to long-term health problems, including confusion, loss of coordination, and difficulty speaking, alongside other symptoms.
WHAT IS THE TREATMENT FOR POWASSAN VIRUS DISEASE?
Currently, there is no specific vaccine or medication available for treating Powassan virus disease. However, preventive measures are recommended, particularly when spending time outdoors.
Supportive care for managing the symptoms includes rest, staying hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids, taking over-the-counter pain medication, and, in severe cases, hospitalization.
WHAT ARE THE PREVENTIVE MEASURES FOR POWASSAN VIRUS DISEASE?
Preventing tick bites is crucial to avoid infection.
- When in areas where ticks are common, wear long sleeves and pants.
- Apply insect repellent containing DEET.
- After being outdoors, thoroughly inspect your body for ticks.
- Promptly remove ticks by using fine-tipped tweezers, gripping the tick as close to the skin as possible. Pull the tick straight out without twisting or crushing it. Wash the bite area with soap and water.
