India’s agriculture, economy, and daily life rely heavily on the monsoon season, which has a critical role. However, in recent years, El Niño events have led to significant monsoon failures, causing droughts and crop failures.
The exact reason behind this phenomenon is not yet fully comprehended, posing a significant challenge for policymakers and scientists. By solving the mystery of India’s monsoon failure during El Niño, potential solutions and mitigation strategies can be identified to tackle this critical issue.
The impacts of extreme climate change, unpredictable rainfall, and disruptive weather conditions are being experienced globally. El Niño, a climate pattern that results in unusual warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean, is the root cause of these issues. These challenges are not unique to India but are being faced worldwide.Its effects can be felt across the globe, impacting various sectors, including agriculture, fisheries, and water resources management.
El Niño and La Niña: The Yin and Yang of Climate Change
El Niño is a climate pattern that occurs irregularly every two to seven years, characterized by the warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. This warming alters the atmospheric circulation, causing changes in weather patterns across the globe.
El Niño can lead to extreme climate events such as droughts, floods, and storms, affecting various sectors such as agriculture, fisheries, and water resources management.
The opposite of El Niño is La Niña, which results in the cooling of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean and has its own set of impacts on global weather patterns. Both El Niño and La Niña are part of a larger climate phenomenon known as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
